A railing system typically consists of several components, each with its own name and function. The specific names of the parts can vary depending on the design and type of railing, but here are the most common components you’ll find in a typical railing system:

Balusters: Balusters are vertical posts or spindles that provide support and create the vertical elements of the railing. They are often evenly spaced along the length of the railing.

Handrail: The handrail is the horizontal or sloping rail that you can hold onto for support and stability. It runs along the top of the balusters and provides a comfortable grip for users.

Newel Post: A newel post is a larger, more prominent vertical post that is often placed at the beginning, end, or corners of a railing system. It provides extra support and serves as a decorative element.

Base Rail: In some railing systems, especially those with baluster-style railings, a base rail is used at the bottom to provide additional support and stability.

Baluster Shoes or Collars: These are decorative or functional fittings that can be placed at the bottom of balusters where they meet the base rail or the floor. They can add visual appeal or help secure the balusters in place.

Baluster Caps: Baluster caps are decorative elements that can be placed on top of balusters to enhance the railing’s aesthetics.

Mounting Hardware: Various screws, brackets, and connectors are used to secure the railing components together and to the structure of the building or staircase.

Finials: Finials are decorative elements often placed at the top of newel posts or on the ends of handrails. They come in various shapes and styles and add a finishing touch to the railing.

Spacers or Shoes: These are components used to maintain the proper spacing between balusters and to secure them in place.

Fasteners: Nails, screws, or other fasteners are used to secure the railing components to the structure or to each other.

The specific names and designs of these components can vary depending on the style of the railing system, whether it’s for a staircase, balcony, deck, or other applications. Custom and ornate railings may have additional decorative elements as well.